have / has + past participle · 先写对形式,下一节再深入「意义」与标志词。
| 句式 | 第一、二人称 / 复数(have) | 第三人称单数(has) |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定 | I have finished(动词的过去分词形式) my homework. | He has finished(动词的过去分词形式) his homework. |
| 否定 | I haven’t finished(动词的过去分词形式) my homework. | He hasn’t finished(动词的过去分词形式) his homework. |
| 一般疑问 | Have you finished(动词的过去分词形式) your homework? | Has he finished(动词的过去分词形式) his homework? |
| 特殊疑问 Wh- + 一般疑问语序 |
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一般疑问简短回答:Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. · Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t. 特殊疑问用具体信息作答,不用 Yes / No 开头。
为每个主语选择 have 或 has,提交后看得分。
每题三选一。
原形 → 过去式 → 过去分词。下表收 59 个初中阶段高频不规则变化;规则动词如 finish → finished → finished 仍按 -ed。read 三形同形,书写最易错。
| 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
|---|---|---|
| be | was / were | been |
| do | did | done |
| go | went | gone |
| see | saw | seen |
| give | gave | given |
| take | took | taken |
| make | made | made |
| come | came | come |
| run | ran | run |
| eat | ate | eaten |
| read | read | read(拼写同,发音不同) |
| write | wrote | written |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| break | broke | broken |
| choose | chose | chosen |
| forget | forgot | forgotten |
| get | got | got / gotten(美式) |
| know | knew | known |
| think | thought | thought |
| buy | bought | bought |
| bring | brought | brought |
| teach | taught | taught |
| catch | caught | caught |
| build | built | built |
| send | sent | sent |
| spend | spent | spent |
| sit | sat | sat |
| stand | stood | stood |
| understand | understood | understood |
| find | found | found |
| have | had | had |
| hear | heard | heard |
| tell | told | told |
| sell | sold | sold |
| say | said | said |
| pay | paid | paid |
| meet | met | met |
| leave | left | left |
| sleep | slept | slept |
| keep | kept | kept |
| mean | meant | meant |
| lend | lent | lent |
| win | won | won |
| lose | lost | lost |
| feel | felt | felt |
| swim | swam | swum |
| drink | drank | drunk |
| sing | sang | sung |
| ring | rang | rung |
| begin | began | begun |
| drive | drove | driven |
| ride | rode | ridden |
| wear | wore | worn |
| throw | threw | thrown |
| fly | flew | flown |
| draw | drew | drawn |
| grow | grew | grown |
| fall | fell | fallen |
| show | showed | shown / showed |
have,三单 has。-ed,不规则背第三列。haven’t / hasn’t + 过去分词。Have/Has 提前 + 问号。What / When / Where / Why / How / Which / Who 等放句首,后面仍是一般疑问语序(have/has + 主语 + 过去分词)。