Steven's Class
Simple Past
一般过去时
第 1–8 页课堂同步填空 · 课后背诵附录
课堂同步说明:本讲按「定义 → 判定 → 迁移 → 纠错」推进。教师讲到哪一页,学生同步完成该页填空;每页最后 1 题为“总结句”,用于当堂口头复述与板书回扣。
| 课堂页码 | 核心任务 |
|---|---|
| 第 1 页 | 建立过去时间轴,区分现在与过去语义 |
| 第 2 页 | 掌握 be 动词过去式 was / were 的选用 |
| 第 3 页 | 完成 be 过去式的否定与一般疑问 |
| 第 4 页 | 导入实义动词过去式,区分 be 与实义动词两体系 |
| 第 5 页 | 掌握规则动词过去式四类拼写 |
| 第 6 页 | 记忆高频不规则动词过去式 |
| 第 7 页 | 掌握 did 引导的否定与疑问,动词还原原形 |
| 第 8 页 | 整合时间状语与本讲框架,完成收官输出 |
课程导入 · 过去时间轴
课堂流程
- 对比一般现在时与一般过去时的语义:习惯·事实 vs 过去发生的事。
- 建立「时间轴」:借助 yesterday / last week / ago 等标志词定位过去。
- 听读导入句,完成“现在还是过去”的判定练习。
讲义填空
1. 一般过去时(Past Simple)用来谈论 已发生的行为或状态。
2. I English every day. → 时态:
3. I a letter yesterday. → 时态:
4. 过去时间标志词举例: / last night / two days ago
5. last night 表示 的晚上,属过去时间。
6. two days ago 中 ago 表示「 以前」。
7. 叙事文常按时间 叙述过去事件。
8. 判定顺序:先看 标志词,再选动词过去式。
9. 总结句:一般过去时回答“过去某时发生了什么”,核心是动作或状态与 时间匹配。
be 动词过去式 was / were
课堂流程
- 听力辨认 was / were 的发音与主语搭配。
- 单数主语用 was,复数主语用 were;There be 遵循就近原则。
- 在典型句中操练 be 过去式的人称/数一致。
讲义填空
1. I / He / She / It → be 过去式
2. You / We / They → be 过去式
3. She at home yesterday.
4. They happy last weekend.
5. There a party in our class.
6. There many people in the park.
7. My parents busy last Monday.
8. 对比:I am → ;They are →
9. 总结句:be 过去式看主语人称与数——单数用 ,复数用 。
be 过去式否定与疑问
课堂流程
- 否定:was not / were not(wasn't / weren't)。
- 一般疑问:Was / Were 提前;练习 Yes/No 简短答语。
- 明确 be 过去式否定、疑问不用 did。
讲义填空
1. He was tired. → He tired.
2. They were late. → They late.
3. I was at school. → I at school.
4. She was happy. → she happy?
5. They were students. → they students?
6. Were you at home? — Yes, I . / No, I .
7. Was he ill? — Yes, he . / No, he .
8. 选择疑问:Were you at home at school?
9. 总结句:be 过去式否定、疑问在 / 上变化;答语中 be 须与主语一致。
实义动词过去式导入
课堂流程
- 区分状态义 be 与动作义实义动词两套体系。
- 实义动词在过去时须变为过去式(规则或不规则)。
- 初步判断 -ed 规则变化与不规则变化。
讲义填空
1. 规则动词过去式常加 。
2. play →
3. watch →
4. go → (不规则)
5. have → (不规则)
6. Tom football yesterday.
7. We a great time last night.
8. She was kind. → 动词类型:;She helped me. → 动词类型:
9. 总结句:be 过去式用 was/were;实义动词过去式体现在 本身,两套体系分开记忆。
规则动词过去式拼写
课堂流程
- 归纳四规则:一般加 -ed;e 结尾加 d;辅音+y→ied;重读闭音节双写加 ed。
- 分类操练,建立拼写判定清单。
- 初步了解 -ed 读音 /t/ /d/ /ɪd/ 三类。
讲义填空
1. 一般情况加 -ed:look →
2. 以不发音 e 结尾加 d:live →
3. 辅音 + y 变 i 加 ed:study →
4. 重读闭音节双写:stop →
5. want → (一般加 -ed)
6. dance → (去 e 加 d)
7. carry → (y → ied)
8. plan → (双写 n)
9. 总结句:规则动词过去式拼写看词尾——一般加、去 e、变 y、,四类覆盖中考高频词。
不规则动词过去式
课堂流程
- 不规则动词须归类记忆,不能机械加 -ed。
- 卡片配对:原形 ↔ 过去式,强化高频词。
- 在短文中辨认并运用不规则过去式。
讲义填空
1. go →
2. see →
3. take →
4. buy →
5. eat →
6. write →
7. come →
8. Yesterday he a new book in the shop.(buy 的过去式)
9. 总结句:不规则动词过去式无统一拼写规律,须 记忆;写作与完形中考查频率极高。
did 引导否定与疑问
课堂流程
- 实义动词否定/疑问用 did,动词还原原形(照妖镜规则)。
- 对比:He played. / He didn't play. / Did he play?
- 纠错:did 后不能再加 -ed 或三单形式。
讲义填空
1. 否定公式:主语 + + not + 动词原形
2. 疑问公式: + 主语 + 动词原形
3. He played tennis. → He tennis.
4. They visited the museum. → They the museum.
5. She went home. → she home?
6. Did you finish homework? — Yes, I . / No, I .
7. 错误:He didn't played. → 正确:He didn't
8. 错误:Did she went? → 正确:
9. 总结句:did 承担过去时语法功能,其后动词必须回 ;be 句否定疑问不用 did。
本讲小结 · 时间状语
课堂流程
- 归纳时间状语:yesterday, last…, ago, in 2020, just now 等。
- 阅读/写作中根据时间词选定一般过去时。
- 背诵口诀,完成笔头收官输出。
讲义填空 · 收官输出
1. yesterday / last night → 一般 时
2. three years ago → 一般 时
3. just now 常指 刚刚(过去不久)
4. 含 last week 的过去时句:
5. 含 Did 的疑问句:
6. was / were 用于 动词过去式
7. played / went 属于 动词过去式
8. -ed 在 wanted 中读 音
9. 总结句:过去标志词 + 动词 形;be 用 was/were,实义动词否定疑问用 ,中考最忌两套体系混用。
课后作业 · 巩固练习
根据本讲课堂内容与背诵讲义完成,建议用时 25–35 分钟。答案写在空白处,下节课讲评。
A. 单项选择
- She at school yesterday afternoon.
- They TV last night.
- you go to the zoo last Sunday?
- He his homework an hour ago.
- We happy during the trip.
- Tom to Beijing last summer.
B. 用所给动词适当形式填空
- He very busy last week. (所给词:be)
- They a film yesterday evening. (所给词:watch)
- My mother a delicious dinner for us. (所给词:cook)
- Linda her room last Saturday? (所给词:clean,一般疑问)
- The students English songs in class. (所给词:sing)
- I my old friend two days ago. (所给词:meet)
C. 写出下列动词过去式
- study →
- stop →
- have →
- see →
D. 改错
- He didn't went to school yesterday.
正确句: - Did she was happy?
正确句:
以下为本讲背诵与拓展附录 · 用法 · 不规则表 · 写作金句 · 口诀
① 用法分类:规则、例句与易错点
② 不规则动词归类速记表
③ 写作金句:英汉对照
背诵口诀 · 一页收束
Be 动词分 was 和 were,实义动词要变脸;
规则加 ed 有四法,不规则词要归类;
若是 Did 来带队,动词乖乖回原形。