说明文 · 全球食物损失 · 发展中国家/发达国家 · 环境与自然灾难
第 1 页 · 阅读短文
Food waste is not just a problem at the dinner table, but a big problem all over the world. Serious losses of food happen from farmers' fields to customers' fridges. What's worse, pollution and natural disasters may cause food shortage.
In developing countries, forty percent of food waste happens during harvesting and processing. Because of this, farmers making little money are trapped in a cycle of poverty. They are also short of rapid transportation and refrigeration, so a large number of crops may go bad before they reach the market. Few farmers can afford industrial-sized fridges to keep their products in good conditions.
Food waste is also discovered in developed countries. More than forty percent of food waste happens during the process of selling and buying. Shockingly, this amount reaches near the yearly food production in some part of Africa. In many cases, the vegetables and fruit are thrown away because they look "ugly", falling short of industry standards.
Polluting and destroying environment do harm to producing food. A few countries are reducing natural areas for growing food crops and raising livestock. Most surprisingly, in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, 800 million trees in the past six years have been cut down to make beef cattle farms. Also, fish farms still create a great deal of pollution as well as diseases. At present, it seems that food production doesn't reduce, but it may influence all the living things on the earth in the future.
Natural disasters like droughts and storms can destroy a whole year's crop for an unlucky farmer. Climate change will make such events that were previously thought of as "once in a hundred years" happen more and more often. This means that we'll need more resources to produce the same amount of food.
Food waste is harmful to humans, as well as other life on the earth. It's not only the problem on customers' dinner table, but also an international problem that must be dealt with by the governments.
第 2 页 · 完成图表（答题）
根据短文填写图表中所缺信息；在 ( 号 ) 后的横线上作答。
| Food problems |
• Food is lost (56) from fields to fridges. • Food shortage is caused by pollution and natural disasters. |
|---|---|
| (57) of food waste in different countries |
* In developing countries
* In developed countries
|
| Bad (62) on producing food |
* Polluting and destroying environment
|
| Conclusion |
Natural disasters
Food waste is harmful to all of life on the earth. It's a problem which should be solved by (65) customers and the governments. |
第 3 页 · 答案与详细解析
56 seriously · 57 Situations · 58 poor · 59 quickly · 60 more than · 61 because · 62 influence · 63 reduced · 64 hundred years · 65 both
图表提示：Serious losses… Food is lost ___ from fields to fridges
原文依据：Serious losses of food happen from farmers' fields to customers' fridges.
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：___ of food waste in different countries（总述小标题）
原文依据：In developing countries… Food waste is also discovered in developed countries.
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：Some farmers are ___ all the time（贫困循环）
原文依据：farmers making little money are trapped in a cycle of poverty
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：can't be transported ___（缺 rapid transportation）
原文依据：short of rapid transportation and refrigeration… crops may go bad before they reach the market
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：___ 40% in selling and buying（原文比较级）
原文依据：More than forty percent of food waste happens during the process of selling and buying
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：thrown away ___ they don't look nice…（因果）
原文依据：vegetables and fruit are thrown away because they look "ugly", falling short of industry standards
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：Bad ___ on producing food（do harm → 名词）
原文依据：Polluting and destroying environment do harm to producing food
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：natural areas are ___（reducing areas）
原文依据：countries are reducing natural areas for growing food crops and raising livestock
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：once in a ___（固定搭配）
原文依据：events that were previously thought of as "once in a hundred years"
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：solved by ___ customers and governments
原文依据：not only the problem on customers' dinner table… dealt with by the governments
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：