说明文 · 思想—机构—法律 三线并列
第 1 页 · 阅读短文
Environmental protection is one of the hottest topics nowadays. It was also something that ancient Chinese paid great attention to. In fact, the world's earliest environmental protection idea, ministry and law were all born in China. How did the ancient Chinese protect the environment?
Xunzi, a famous thinker in the Warring States Period, came up with the idea of "managing state affairs through environmental protection". He wrote in his book that vegetation should be protected well by humans.
Guan Zhong, a government officer 400 years ahead of Xunzi, was also an environmental protection expert. He said "a king who cannot protect his vegetation is not doing a good job".
Nine ministries set up by Shun, an ancient Chinese emperor, included "Yu" (虞), an environmental protection ministry. The first "Yu" leader was Boyi, an environmental protection expert. He invented wells so people could drink clean water. He knew a lot about animals and also called for animal protection.
Over 4,000 years ago, Dayu, an ancient Chinese water-control expert and also an emperor, made a rule, not allowing people to cut down trees in March or catch fish in June, because it was the time when they grew quickly.
Almost 3,000 years ago, Tianlu, the first environmental protection law, appeared in Qin. It recorded many ancient environmental protection rules. Two of them were interesting: firstly, rivers should not be blocked; secondly, grass and trees should not be burned to be fertilizer except for summer. The second one is inspiring even for today. It can help to keep air clean and fresh.
第 2 页 · 完成图表（答题）
根据短文填写图表中所缺信息；在 ( 号 ) 后的横线上作答。
| Aspects | Details |
|---|---|
| Thoughts / Ideas | Guan Zhong: It is a good King's duty to protect vegetation. Xunzi: Environmental protection should be (77), once state affairs are managed. |
| Ministry | "Yu" (虞): The first environmental protection ministry set up by Shun. Boyi: The first leader of Yu (78) drinking water quality and asked people to protect animals. |
| Laws | Rule by Dayu: People can only get wood and fish from nature at the (79) time. Rules in Tianlu: Make sure rivers run (80). Plants shall be burned only in summer. |
第 3 页 · 答案与详细解析
76 practices · 77 considered · 78 improved · 79 right · 80 freely
图表提示：The earliest thoughts and ___ of environmental protection
原文依据：How did the ancient Chinese protect the environment? (title frame)
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：Environmental protection should be ___ once state affairs are managed
原文依据：managing state affairs through environmental protection… once state affairs are managed.
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：Boyi ___ drinking water quality
原文依据：He invented wells so people could drink clean water.
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：only at the ___ time
原文依据：not allowing people to cut down trees in March or catch fish in June… when they grew quickly.
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：
图表提示：Make sure rivers run ___
原文依据：rivers should not be blocked
可接受表述（不少于 3 种）：