第08讲 · Page 10 · 背诵讲义
未来时间表达三件套 · 2050 综括（英汉例句版）
🗺️ 全景导图 · 初中课标「将来」三大支柱
① be going to · 事先计划与近期打算
句式结构（肯定 · 否定 · 一般疑问 · 特殊疑问）
| 句式 | 结构 |
|---|---|
| 肯定句 | S + am / is / are + going to + V原形 · 口语常见缩写 I'm / we're / they're going to … |
| 否定句 | S + am / is / are + not + going to + V原形 · 常缩写 isn't / aren't / I'm not going to … |
| 一般疑问句 | Am / Is / Are + S + going to + V …? → Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. / No, 主语 + am/is/are + not. |
| 特殊疑问句 | 疑问词（What / When / Where / Who / Which / How / Why）+ am / is / are + S + going to + V …? |
| 功能 | 提示 |
|---|---|
| 已决定安排 | 常有证据：车票、聊天、课程表 |
| 迹象推断 | Look at those clouds — it's going to rain.（现象→将要） |
背诵例句 · 英汉
We are going to plant trees along the river this Saturday morning.
我们打算本周六上午沿河植树。（环保志愿）
I'm going to take the metro Line 18 and then walk to the museum.
我打算乘 18 号线再步行到博物馆。（成都出行）
Our class is going to give a short talk about smart traffic next Monday.
我们班下周一要做一则智慧交通小演讲。（校园任务）
They're going to upgrade the charging stations near our school gate.
他们打算升级校门口的充电桩。（科技基建）
② will · 预测、许诺与即时决定
句式结构（肯定 · 否定 · 一般疑问 · 特殊疑问）
| 句式 | 结构 |
|---|---|
| 肯定句 | S + will + V原形 · 口语常缩写 'll（I'll / we'll / he'll / they'll …） |
| 否定句 | S + will not / won't + V原形 |
| 一般疑问句 | Will + S + V …? → Yes, 主语 + will. / No, 主语 + won't. |
| 特殊疑问句 | 疑问词（What / When / Where / Who / Which / How / Why）+ will + S + V …? |
背诵例句 · 英汉
Clean energy will change the way we travel in Chengdu by 2050.
到 2050 年，清洁能源将改变我们在成都的出行方式。（宏观预测）
Shared bikes will stay popular if bike lanes become safer.
若非机动车道更安全，共享单车会一直受欢迎。（预测+条件伏笔）
Don't worry — I will send you the poster before 9 pm.
放心——我会在晚上 9 点前把海报发你。（许诺）
The digital screen will show live crowding on each metro car.
电子屏将显示每节车厢的拥挤度。（智慧交通）
③ If 引导的第一条件句 · 真实条件 + 将来结果
背诵例句 · 英汉
If the air gets cleaner, more families will choose weekend rides along the greenway.
若空气更洁净，更多家庭会选择周末沿绿道骑行。
If students learn coding earlier, they will solve community problems more creatively.
若学生更早学编程，他们将更有创意地解决社区问题。
If volunteers keep visiting elders, trust between generations will grow.
若志愿者坚持探访长者，代际信任会加深。
If litter bins are easy to find, the plaza will stay tidy without heavy fines.
若垃圾桶伸手可及，广场无需重罚也能保持整洁。
④ 否定句 · 一般疑问句 · 特殊疑问句（与本讲三类结构配套）
A · be going to
| 句式 | 结构骨架 |
|---|---|
| 否定句 | S + am/is/are + not + going to + V原形（口语常见 isn't / aren't / I'm not） |
| 一般疑问句 | Am / Is / Are + S + going to + V …? → Yes, … / No, … |
| 特殊疑问句 | 疑问词（What / When / Where / Who / How / Why）+ am/is/are + S + going to + V …? |
背诵例句 · 英汉
We are not going to waste paper on one‑time posters.
我们不打算把纸浪费在一次性海报上。（否定）
The team isn't going to cancel the clean‑up unless it pours.
除非下大雨，队伍不打算取消清理活动。（否定）
Are you going to join the river patrol this Sunday? — Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
你打算本周日参加河流巡查吗？——是的 / 不。（一般疑问 + 肯否答语）
Is your class going to host the English corner next Friday?
你们班打算下周五承办英语角吗？（一般疑问）
What are you going to prepare for the "Life in 2050" talk?
你打算为「2050 生活」演讲准备什么？（特殊疑问 · What）
When are they going to repair the lift at the community centre?
他们打算何时修好社区活动中心的电梯？（特殊疑问 · When）
B · will
| 句式 | 结构骨架 |
|---|---|
| 否定句 | S + will not / won't + V原形 |
| 一般疑问句 | Will + S + V …? → Yes, S will. / No, S won't. |
| 特殊疑问句 | 疑问词 + will + S + V …? |
背诵例句 · 英汉
Heavy smog won't disappear in one week, but trees will help.
重度雾霾不会一周消失，但树木会有帮助。（否定）
I won't forget to upload the slides before class.
我不会忘了课前上传幻灯片。（否定 · 许诺）
Will solar roofs become cheaper by 2035? — I think they will.
到 2035 年太阳能屋顶会变便宜吗？——我想会的。（一般疑问）
Will your cousin help design the recycling poster?
你表哥会帮忙设计回收海报吗？（一般疑问）
How will shared power banks change evening life in downtown blocks?
共享充电宝会如何改变市中心街区的夜生活？（特殊疑问 · How）
Which station will the express bus reach first after the new ramp opens?
新匝道开通后，快线巴士会先到哪一站？（特殊疑问 · Which）
C · If 第一条件句里的否定与提问
| 句式 | 结构骨架 |
|---|---|
| 否定（从句或主句） | If + S + do/does + not + V …, … / If …, S + won't + V … |
| 一般疑问（焦点在主句将来） | Will + S + V … + if + S + 一般现在时 …? |
| 特殊疑问 | 疑问词 + will + S + V … + if …? / What will happen if …? |
背诵例句 · 英汉
If the alarm doesn't ring, I won't miss the forum — I'll still check my watch.
若闹钟不响，我也不会错过论坛——我会看手表。（从句否定 + 主句否定）
If parents don't sign the form, students won't join the field trip.
若家长不签字，学生就不能参加研学。（条件否定）
Will the park stay open if a yellow wind warning appears?
若发布大风黄色预警，公园还会开放吗？（一般疑问 · If）
Will you still cycle if the winter rain gets heavier?
若冬雨变大，你还会骑车吗？（一般疑问）
What will you pack if the robot coach asks for an overnight challenge?
若机器人教练要求过夜挑战，你会装哪些物品？（特殊疑问 · What）
How will volunteers stay safe if the river rises suddenly tonight?
若今夜河水突然上涨，志愿者如何保证安全？（特殊疑问 · How）
🔀 三者混搭 · 迷你综括段（可直接模仿结构）
范文骨架 A · 清晨出行（going to + will + If）
Tomorrow morning, my friends and I are going to meet at the metro entrance. I believe smart screens will guide us to less crowded cars. If we leave earlier, we will catch the air‑conditioned train without rushing.
明早与朋友约在地铁口见面（going to）；相信智慧屏将指引人少的车厢（will）；若更早出门就能从容赶上空调车（If）。
范文骨架 B · 白日校园（同上）
Our science group is going to test a solar model on the playground. The data will probably peak at noon. If clouds cover the sun, the numbers will drop, but we will still record everything carefully.
科学组打算在操场测太阳能模型（going to）；数据可能在正午最高（will）；若云层遮住太阳数值会下降，但仍会认真记录（If）。
范文骨架 C · 傍晚社区
After dinner, my family are going to walk to the green plaza. Neighbours say the lights will look softer after the upgrade. If everyone sorts rubbish correctly, the square will smell fresher every summer night.
晚饭后全家打算散步去绿色小广场（going to）；邻居说灯光升级后会柔和（will）；若垃圾分类到位，夏夜广场会更清新（If）。
✨ 高频重组句 · 话题迁移（背诵即用）
交通 · 环保 · 城市
The city is going to add more electric buses before the sports meet.
运动会前城市打算增购电动巴士。
Fewer petrol cars will mean lighter smog near schools.
燃油车更少意味着学校周边雾霾更轻。
If rivers stay protected, birds will return to the banks sooner.
若河流持续受保护，鸟类会更早回到河岸。
校园 · 学习 · 合作
We are going to finish the poster tonight and polish the English slogan.
我们打算今晚做完海报并润色英文标语。
AI tools will help us check grammar, but thinking still comes from us.
AI 会帮我们检查语法，思考仍在我们自己。
If each member speaks honestly, the debate will stay respectful.
若每位成员坦诚发言，辩论会始终有礼。
社区 · 健康 · 志愿
I'm going to train as a weekend volunteer at the health kiosk.
我打算在健康小屋做周末志愿者培训。
Telehealth screens will shorten waiting time for busy workers.
远程问诊屏将缩短上班族等候时间。
If snow blocks the wheelchair path, staff will clear it before 8 am.
若积雪挡住无障碍坡道，工作人员会在早 8 点前清理。
观点收尾 · 适用于书面末句
A greener Chengdu is not going to arrive in one day, but every small choice will matter.
更绿的成都不会一天建成，但每个小选择都将有意义。
If young people keep imagining and describing the future in English, our city will sound more open to the world.
若年轻人坚持用英语想象并描述未来，我们的城市在世界面前会更开放。