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第02讲 · 背诵讲义 —— 现在进行时(中考冲刺 · 英汉例句版)

卷首语

让你的作文「动」起来
核心理念:现在进行时不仅仅是「正在做」,它是中考作文中「画面描写」「趋势描述」「情感表达」的最强武器!但一切的前提是:骨架绝对不能散!请先吃透模块一的四大句式,再背诵下文「神仙句子」,考场上才能又快又稳。

模块一 · 核心骨架防错指南(四大基本句式)

写作时先对号入座:本句是陈述 / 否定 / 一般疑问 / 特殊疑问哪一种?再按公式摆放 am / is / areV-ing。右侧隐喻帮你秒记课堂口诀:齿轮(基底)、盾牌(not)、青蛙跳(Be 提前)、侦探(Wh-)。

The Base 陈述句 · 齿轮底座

一切变式的「出厂设置」:先站稳主语 + Be + 进行体;适合写作中的画面描写和社会趋势描述。

主语 + am / is / are + V-ing + 其他.

简单

Look! The students are cleaning the classroom.

看!学生们正在打扫教室。(校园劳动)

My mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen.

妈妈正在厨房做晚饭。(家庭生活)

中等

More and more teenagers are taking part in volunteer work.

越来越多青少年正在参与志愿服务。(中考德育主题)

The city is building more green parks for local people.

这座城市正在为市民建设更多绿色公园。(城市发展)

挑战

At present, artificial intelligence is changing the way students learn.

目前,人工智能正在改变学生学习的方式。(科技阅读/写作)

The global temperature is rising rapidly, so everyone should take action.

全球气温正在快速上升,所以每个人都应行动起来。(环保议论文)

The NOT Shield 否定句 · NOT 盾牌

not 永远紧跟在 Be 动词后面,像盾牌一样挡住整个动作,不要插到实义动词和 -ing 之间。

主语 + am / is / are + not + V-ing + 其他.

简单

He is not playing computer games now.

他现在没有在玩电脑游戏。(日常行为)

They are not watching TV at the moment.

他们此刻没有看电视。(家庭场景)

中等

We are not wasting food in the school dining hall.

我们没有在学校食堂浪费食物。(节约粮食)

The workers are not throwing rubbish into the river.

工人们没有把垃圾扔进河里。(环保阅读)

挑战

Many students are not using their phones during class, which helps them focus better.

许多学生上课时没有使用手机,这帮助他们更专注。(校园规则)

We are not doing enough to protect traditional culture.

在保护传统文化方面,我们做得还不够。(文化保护写作)

The Frog Leap 一般疑问句 · 青蛙跳

Am / Is / Are 像青蛙一样跳到全句最前,句末用问号;适合听力、口语问答和采访场景。

Am / Is / Are + 主语 + V-ing + 其他 ?

简单

Are you reading an English book now?

你现在正在读一本英语书吗?(学习场景)

Is she drawing a picture?

她正在画画吗?(看图写话)

中等

Are people paying more attention to health?

人们正在更加关注健康吗?(健康主题阅读)

Is your school organizing a volunteer activity this weekend?

你们学校这周末正在组织志愿活动吗?(校园活动)

挑战

Are scientists trying to find better ways to protect the environment?

科学家们正在努力寻找更好的环保方法吗?(科普阅读)

Is the government taking action to make public transport greener?

政府正在采取行动让公共交通更环保吗?(社会发展)

The Wh- Detective 特殊疑问句 · Wh- 侦探

特殊疑问 = Wh- + 一般疑问语序;被提问的划线信息在问句中要省略,适合阅读追问和写作升格。

疑问词 (Wh-) + am / is / are + 主语 + V-ing + 其他 ?

简单

What is Tom doing in the classroom?

汤姆正在教室里做什么?(人物动作)

Where are the children playing now?

孩子们现在正在哪里玩?(地点提问)

中等

Why are more students joining the reading club?

为什么越来越多学生正在加入阅读社团?(校园阅读)

How are volunteers helping the old people in the community?

志愿者正怎样帮助社区里的老人?(志愿服务)

挑战

What are we waiting for? Let's take action now!

我们还在等什么?现在就行动吧!(倡议结尾)

How is technology changing the way we communicate with others?

科技正如何改变我们与他人交流的方式?(科技与生活)

模块二 描绘生动的「此时此刻」(画面描写必杀技)

用于记叙文或看图写话,给读者强烈的「现场直播」感。下列时间标志词一出现,优先考虑现在进行时铺陈画面。

now right now at the moment at this moment Look! Listen! Watch! just then(叙事衔接) all of a sudden(突然——后常接此刻画面) 拓展:as we speak(就在我们说话这会儿)、for now(眼下)可用于口语化日记体;考场记叙文优先用好 Look! / Listen! 拉近距离。
  1. Look! The sun is setting behind the mountains, painting the sky in shades of orange. 看!太阳正在群山后落下,把天空染成一片橙色。(描写绝美日落)
  2. Outside the window, the rain is pouring down heavily. 窗外,大雨正倾盆而下。(描写倾盆大雨)
  3. The little boy is sobbing quietly in the corner of the room. 小男孩正安静地在房间角落里抽泣。(描写人物情绪状态)
  4. They are actively discussing the details of the upcoming sports meeting. 他们正在积极讨论即将到来的运动会细节。(描写热烈讨论 · 拓展)
  5. Listen! The wind is howling through the trees like a hungry wolf. 听!风正像饥饿的狼一样穿过树林呼啸而过。(高级听觉描写 · 拓展)

模块三 现阶段的「大趋势与社会状态」(现象议论文必杀技)

动作不一定是说话的这一秒正在发生,而是描写当今社会的宏观改变、科技发展或个人近期的持续状态。下列时间词是议论文、说明文提分的「神仙路标」。

nowadays currently at present in today's world these days recently in recent years at this stage in the current situation at this point in time over the past few years in modern society in contemporary society with the rapid development of… in the age of… nowadaysin today's world 为中考作文极高频开头;currently / at present 偏书面,适合第二段分析现象。
  1. Nowadays, more and more teenagers are spending their free time playing online games. 如今,越来越多青少年正在把空闲时间花在玩网络游戏上。(指出社会现象)
  2. Currently, our city is building a new subway line to solve the traffic problem. 目前,我们的城市正在建设一条新的地铁线路来解决交通问题。(描写城市建设)
  3. In today's world, artificial intelligence is changing the way we live and work. 在当今世界,人工智能正在改变我们的生活和工作方式。(探讨科技影响)
  4. Many wild animals are losing their habitats because of human activities at present. 目前,由于人类活动,许多野生动物正在失去它们的栖息地。(环保主题)
  5. In recent years, people are paying more attention to mental health in schools. 近年来,人们正在更加关注学校里的心理健康问题。(校园与心理健康 · 拓展)

模块四 V-ing 拼写炼金术与高级应用

将拼写规则融入高级句型:写错直接扣分!牢记:去 e、双写、ie→y、一般直接加 -ing。

  1. 【去 e】The workers are making every effort to complete the bridge on time. 工人们正在尽一切努力按时完成这座桥。(去 e · 尽一切努力)
  2. 【双写】The young athlete is running towards the finish line with all his strength. 这位年轻运动员正拼尽全力冲向终点线。(双写 · 拼尽全力奔跑)
  3. 【ie→y】The poor dog is lying on the ground, waiting for its owner. 那只可怜的狗正躺在地上,等待它的主人。(ie→y · 静静躺着)
  4. 【去 e】She is dancing gracefully on the stage like a beautiful swan. 她正像一只美丽的天鹅一样在舞台上优雅地跳舞。(去 e · 拓展)
  5. 【双写】The students are putting their heart and soul into the charity sale. 学生们正在全心全意投入这场慈善义卖。(双写 · 拓展)

模块五 带有感情色彩的进行时(抱怨 vs 赞美)

alwaysconstantly 与现在进行时连用,常表达强烈感情:抱怨、厌烦,或由衷赞美——与「客观习惯」的一般现在时不同。

  1. 【抱怨】He is always complaining about his job instead of taking action. 他总是在抱怨自己的工作,而不是采取行动。(抱怨色彩)
  2. 【赞美】She is always thinking of others and ready to lend a helping hand. 她总是在为他人着想,并且随时准备伸出援手。(赞美色彩 · 绝佳品质描写)
  3. 【烦人】My little brother is always leaving his toys all over the floor! 我的小弟弟总是把玩具扔得到处都是!(烦人习惯 · 拓展)
  4. 【争吵】They are constantly arguing over trivial matters. 他们总是为琐事争吵不休。(争吵抱怨 · 拓展)

抢分加料 万能进行时描写句型(环保 / 科技 / 校园)

下列模板可整句套用或替换主语与宾语;时间标志词优先使用 NowadaysCurrentlyIn today's worldAt present 等,与模块三语料呼应。

  1. Nowadays, our school is organizing more green activities to protect the environment. 如今,我们学校正在组织更多绿色活动来保护环境。(环保 · 校园行动)
  2. Currently, young people are facing both chances and challenges from new technology. 目前,年轻人正面临新技术带来的机遇与挑战。(科技 · 青年与时代)
  3. In today's world, clean energy is becoming more important in our daily life. 在当今世界,清洁能源正在我们的日常生活中变得更加重要。(环保 · 能源与日常)
  4. At present, students in our city are learning how to use AI tools in a wise and safe way. 目前,我们城市的学生正在学习如何明智且安全地使用 AI 工具。(科技 · 校园学习)
  5. Teachers and parents are paying more attention to mental health these days. 这些天,老师和家长正在更加关注心理健康。(校园生活 · 心理健康)

附录 抢分禁区:状态动词(勿滥用进行时)

表达思想、情感、感官、拥有等,不用进行时。下列为正确的一般现在时,可直接写入作文升华句。

  1. I strongly believe that hard work leads to success. 我坚信努力会带来成功。(表认知)
  2. I fully understand the difficulties you are facing right now. 我完全理解你现在正面临的困难。(表理解)
  3. This ancient building belongs to the local government. 这座古建筑属于当地政府。(表归属)
  4. The soup smells delicious and tastes even better. 这汤闻起来很美味,尝起来甚至更好。(表感官)
  5. Everybody knows that health is more important than wealth. 每个人都知道健康比财富更重要。(表客观认知)

打印版说明:进行时高亮为下划线;本附录高亮为「状态动词」,请对照模块一的骨架区分记忆。